1. What is a Parachute Descent Rate Calculator?

Definition: This calculator estimates the terminal velocity (descent rate) of a parachute system based on mass, air density, drag coefficient, and parachute area.

Purpose: It helps skydivers, aerospace engineers, and parachute designers determine the safe landing speed for a given payload and parachute configuration.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the terminal velocity formula:

Where:

• \( v \) — Descent rate (m/s)
• \( m \) — Mass of payload (kg)
• \( g \) — Gravitational acceleration (9.81 m/s²)
• \( \rho \) — Air density (kg/m³)
• \( C_d \) — Drag coefficient (dimensionless)
• \( A \) — Parachute area (m²)

Explanation: The formula balances gravitational force with air resistance to determine the equilibrium descent speed.

3. Importance of Descent Rate Calculation

Details: Proper descent rate estimation ensures safe landings, prevents injury, and helps design appropriate parachute systems for different payloads.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the payload mass in kg, air density (default 1.225 kg/m³ at sea level), drag coefficient (default 1.75 for round parachutes), and parachute area in m². All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's a typical safe descent rate for skydivers?
A: Most recreational parachutes aim for 4.5-7 m/s (10-16 mph) for safe landings.

Q2: How does air density affect the calculation?
A: Higher altitudes (lower air density) result in faster descent rates. Standard sea level density is 1.225 kg/m³.

Q3: What drag coefficient should I use?
A: 1.75 for round parachutes, 2.2 for ram-air squares, but check manufacturer specs for exact values.

Q4: How do I measure parachute area?
A: For round parachutes, use πr². For square parachutes, use length × width.

Q5: Does this account for wind or other factors?
A: No, this calculates vertical descent rate only. Horizontal movement requires additional calculations.