1. What is SO2 Addition to Wine Calculator?

Definition: This calculator determines the amount of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) needed to reach a target concentration in wine.

Purpose: It helps winemakers maintain proper SO₂ levels for wine preservation and oxidation prevention.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( A \) — SO₂ to add (mg)
• \( SO_{2t} \) — Target molecular SO₂ (mg/L)
• \( SO_{2c} \) — Current molecular SO₂ (mg/L)
• \( V \) — Wine volume (L)

Explanation: The difference between target and current SO₂ levels is multiplied by the wine volume to determine the required addition.

3. Importance of SO₂ Management in Wine

Details: Proper SO₂ levels protect wine from oxidation and microbial spoilage while maintaining quality and stability.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the target SO₂ level, current SO₂ level (from testing), and total wine volume. All values must be ≥ 0 (volume must be > 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are typical SO₂ levels in wine?
A: Typically 25-50 mg/L molecular SO₂ for white wines, 15-30 mg/L for reds, depending on pH and style.

Q2: How do I measure current SO₂ levels?
A: Use an SO₂ testing kit or send a sample to a wine lab for analysis.

Q3: What form of SO₂ should I add?
A: Typically potassium metabisulfite (K₂S₂O₅), which is about 57% SO₂ by weight.

Q4: How does pH affect SO₂ effectiveness?
A: Lower pH increases the percentage of molecular SO₂ (the active form), requiring less total addition.

Q5: Should I account for SO₂ binding compounds?
A: Yes, in wines with high binding potential (e.g., high acetaldehyde), you may need additional SO₂ beyond calculated amounts.