Saturation Current Calculator for Electrical

Saturation Current Formula:

\[ I_s = \frac{I}{e^{\frac{V}{n \cdot V_T}} - 1} \]

Diode Current (I):

Voltage (V):

Ideality Factor (n):

Thermal Voltage (V_T):

Saturation Current (I_s): A

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1. What is a Saturation Current Calculator?

Definition: This calculator determines the saturation current (I_s) of a diode based on measured current, voltage, ideality factor, and thermal voltage.

Purpose: It helps electrical engineers and technicians analyze diode characteristics and semiconductor behavior.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the diode equation:

\[ I_s = \frac{I}{e^{\frac{V}{n \cdot V_T}} - 1} \]

Where:

\( I_s \) — Saturation current (A)
\( I \) — Diode current (A)
\( V \) — Voltage across diode (V)
\( n \) — Ideality factor (dimensionless, typically 1-2)
\( V_T \) — Thermal voltage (~0.026 V at 300 K)

Explanation: The formula solves the Shockley diode equation for the saturation current parameter.

3. Importance of Saturation Current

Details: Saturation current is a fundamental parameter that characterizes diode behavior, affecting forward voltage drop, leakage current, and temperature dependence.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the measured diode current, voltage, ideality factor (default 1), and thermal voltage (default 0.026V at room temperature). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is typical saturation current for common diodes?
A: Typical values range from 10^-9 to 10^-15 A, depending on diode type and size.

Q2: How do I determine the ideality factor?
A: For ideal diodes, n=1. Real diodes typically have n between 1 and 2 (1.1-1.5 for Si diodes).

Q3: When would thermal voltage change?
A: V_T = kT/q changes with temperature (25.85 mV at 300K, ~26 mV at room temp).

Q4: What if my result is extremely small?
A: This is normal - saturation currents are typically nanoamps or picoamps. The calculator shows scientific notation for very small values.

Q5: Can I use this for LEDs?
A: Yes, but LEDs typically have higher saturation currents than regular diodes.