1. What is a Solvent Extraction Calculator?

Definition: This calculator determines the extraction efficiency of a solute from one liquid phase to another during solvent extraction processes.

Purpose: It helps chemists and chemical engineers evaluate the effectiveness of solvent extraction in separation processes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( \eta \) — Extraction efficiency (%)
• \( C_{initial} \) — Initial solute concentration (mol/L)
• \( C_{final} \) — Final solute concentration (mol/L)

Explanation: The formula compares the concentration before and after extraction to determine what percentage was successfully extracted.

3. Importance of Extraction Efficiency

Details: High extraction efficiency indicates effective separation, which is crucial in chemical processing, pharmaceutical production, and environmental remediation.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the initial and final concentrations in mol/L. Final concentration must be less than initial concentration.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is considered good extraction efficiency?
A: Typically >90% is good, >95% is excellent, though requirements vary by application.

Q2: Can efficiency exceed 100%?
A: No, values over 100% indicate measurement errors or calculation mistakes.

Q3: How can I improve extraction efficiency?
A: Optimize solvent choice, pH, temperature, mixing time, and phase ratio.

Q4: Does this account for multiple extraction stages?
A: No, this calculates single-stage efficiency. For multiple stages, use different calculations.

Q5: What if my final concentration is zero?
A: This would indicate 100% extraction efficiency, which is theoretically possible but rare in practice.